Volkswagen Group's cheating on emissions tests has soured the European car industry's heavy bet on diesel, with Renault, PSA/Peugeot-Citroen and Fiat Chrysler potentially facing bigger long-term setbacks than the company that sparked the crisis.In the face of that perceived injustice, tensions are mounting behind the united facade that European automakers present to regulators, some of their representatives say.
VW's use of a banned "defeat device" has drawn scrutiny of more widely practiced test manipulation which, although legal, has allowed real-world nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions to surge to more than seven times their European limits.
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